diff --git a/include/sway/tree/container.h b/include/sway/tree/container.h
index 24e8468e..6aa66da0 100644
--- a/include/sway/tree/container.h
+++ b/include/sway/tree/container.h
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ struct sway_container *container_workspace_destroy(
 
 struct sway_container *container_view_destroy(struct sway_container *view);
 
-void container_destroy(struct sway_container *cont);
+struct sway_container *container_destroy(struct sway_container *cont);
 
 struct sway_container *container_set_layout(struct sway_container *container,
 		enum sway_container_layout layout);
diff --git a/include/sway/tree/layout.h b/include/sway/tree/layout.h
index 8239366b..0a904c4b 100644
--- a/include/sway/tree/layout.h
+++ b/include/sway/tree/layout.h
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ struct sway_container *container_add_sibling(struct sway_container *parent,
 
 struct sway_container *container_remove_child(struct sway_container *child);
 
+struct sway_container *container_reap_empty(struct sway_container *container);
+
 void container_move_to(struct sway_container* container,
 		struct sway_container* destination);
 
diff --git a/include/sway/tree/workspace.h b/include/sway/tree/workspace.h
index d73b29c1..4e4c3450 100644
--- a/include/sway/tree/workspace.h
+++ b/include/sway/tree/workspace.h
@@ -23,4 +23,6 @@ struct sway_container *workspace_output_prev(struct sway_container *current);
 
 struct sway_container *workspace_prev(struct sway_container *current);
 
+bool workspace_is_visible(struct sway_container *ws);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/sway/desktop/xdg_shell_v6.c b/sway/desktop/xdg_shell_v6.c
index 25c0cbca..01f38d16 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/xdg_shell_v6.c
+++ b/sway/desktop/xdg_shell_v6.c
@@ -83,10 +83,9 @@ static void handle_destroy(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 		wl_container_of(listener, sway_xdg_surface, destroy);
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_xdg_surface->commit.link);
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_xdg_surface->destroy.link);
-	struct sway_container *parent = container_view_destroy(sway_xdg_surface->view->swayc);
+	container_view_destroy(sway_xdg_surface->view->swayc);
 	free(sway_xdg_surface->view);
 	free(sway_xdg_surface);
-	arrange_windows(parent, -1, -1);
 }
 
 void handle_xdg_shell_v6_surface(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
diff --git a/sway/desktop/xwayland.c b/sway/desktop/xwayland.c
index 3e08b20e..357c8883 100644
--- a/sway/desktop/xwayland.c
+++ b/sway/desktop/xwayland.c
@@ -109,29 +109,17 @@ static void handle_destroy(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_surface->destroy.link);
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_surface->request_configure.link);
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_surface->view->unmanaged_view_link);
-
-	struct sway_container *parent = container_view_destroy(sway_surface->view->swayc);
-	if (parent) {
-		arrange_windows(parent, -1, -1);
-	}
-
-	free(sway_surface->view);
-	free(sway_surface);
+	container_view_destroy(sway_surface->view->swayc);
+	sway_surface->view->swayc = NULL;
+	sway_surface->view->surface = NULL;
 }
 
 static void handle_unmap_notify(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data) {
 	struct sway_xwayland_surface *sway_surface =
 		wl_container_of(listener, sway_surface, unmap_notify);
-
 	wl_list_remove(&sway_surface->view->unmanaged_view_link);
 	wl_list_init(&sway_surface->view->unmanaged_view_link);
-
-	// take it out of the tree
-	struct sway_container *parent = container_view_destroy(sway_surface->view->swayc);
-	if (parent) {
-		arrange_windows(parent, -1, -1);
-	}
-
+	container_view_destroy(sway_surface->view->swayc);
 	sway_surface->view->swayc = NULL;
 	sway_surface->view->surface = NULL;
 }
diff --git a/sway/meson.build b/sway/meson.build
index 9c5e4a00..e8a192f0 100644
--- a/sway/meson.build
+++ b/sway/meson.build
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ sway_sources = files(
 	'security.c',
 	'tree/container.c',
 	'tree/layout.c',
+	'tree/output.c',
 	'tree/view.c',
 	'tree/workspace.c',
 )
diff --git a/sway/tree/container.c b/sway/tree/container.c
index ed39a154..778108b4 100644
--- a/sway/tree/container.c
+++ b/sway/tree/container.c
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@
 #include "sway/tree/container.h"
 #include "sway/input/input-manager.h"
 #include "sway/input/seat.h"
-#include "sway/tree/layout.h"
+#include "sway/ipc-server.h"
 #include "sway/output.h"
 #include "sway/server.h"
+#include "sway/tree/layout.h"
 #include "sway/tree/view.h"
 #include "sway/tree/workspace.h"
-#include "sway/ipc-server.h"
 #include "log.h"
 
 static list_t *bfs_queue;
@@ -58,13 +58,14 @@ static struct sway_container *container_create(enum sway_container_type type) {
 	return c;
 }
 
-void container_destroy(struct sway_container *cont) {
+struct sway_container *container_destroy(struct sway_container *cont) {
 	if (cont == NULL) {
-		return;
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	wl_signal_emit(&cont->events.destroy, cont);
 
+	struct sway_container *parent = cont->parent;
 	if (cont->children) {
 		// remove children until there are no more, container_destroy calls
 		// container_remove_child, which removes child from this container
@@ -77,13 +78,14 @@ void container_destroy(struct sway_container *cont) {
 		list_foreach(cont->marks, free);
 		list_free(cont->marks);
 	}
-	if (cont->parent) {
+	if (parent) {
 		container_remove_child(cont);
 	}
 	if (cont->name) {
 		free(cont->name);
 	}
 	free(cont);
+	return parent;
 }
 
 struct sway_container *container_output_create(
@@ -202,95 +204,6 @@ struct sway_container *container_view_create(struct sway_container *sibling,
 	return swayc;
 }
 
-struct sway_container *container_output_destroy(struct sway_container *output) {
-	if (!sway_assert(output, "cannot destroy null output")) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	if (output->children->length > 0) {
-		// TODO save workspaces when there are no outputs.
-		// TODO also check if there will ever be no outputs except for exiting
-		// program
-		if (root_container.children->length > 1) {
-			int p = root_container.children->items[0] == output;
-			// Move workspace from this output to another output
-			while (output->children->length) {
-				struct sway_container *child = output->children->items[0];
-				container_remove_child(child);
-				container_add_child(root_container.children->items[p], child);
-			}
-			container_sort_workspaces(root_container.children->items[p]);
-			arrange_windows(root_container.children->items[p],
-				-1, -1);
-		}
-	}
-
-	wl_list_remove(&output->sway_output->frame.link);
-	wl_list_remove(&output->sway_output->destroy.link);
-	wl_list_remove(&output->sway_output->mode.link);
-
-	wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "OUTPUT: Destroying output '%s'", output->name);
-	container_destroy(output);
-
-	return &root_container;
-}
-
-struct sway_container *container_workspace_destroy(
-		struct sway_container *workspace) {
-	if (!sway_assert(workspace, "cannot destroy null workspace")) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	// Do not destroy this if it's the last workspace on this output
-	struct sway_container *output = container_parent(workspace, C_OUTPUT);
-	if (output && output->children->length == 1) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	struct sway_container *parent = workspace->parent;
-	if (workspace->children->length == 0) {
-		// destroy the WS if there are no children (TODO check for floating)
-		wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "destroying workspace '%s'", workspace->name);
-		ipc_event_workspace(workspace, NULL, "empty");
-	} else {
-		// Move children to a different workspace on this output
-		struct sway_container *new_workspace = NULL;
-		// TODO move floating
-		for (int i = 0; i < output->children->length; i++) {
-			if (output->children->items[i] != workspace) {
-				new_workspace = output->children->items[i];
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-		wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "moving children to different workspace '%s' -> '%s'",
-			workspace->name, new_workspace->name);
-		for (int i = 0; i < workspace->children->length; i++) {
-			container_move_to(workspace->children->items[i], new_workspace);
-		}
-	}
-
-	container_destroy(workspace);
-	return parent;
-}
-
-struct sway_container *container_view_destroy(struct sway_container *view) {
-	if (!view) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "Destroying view '%s'", view->name);
-	struct sway_container *parent = view->parent;
-	container_destroy(view);
-
-	// TODO WLR: Destroy empty containers
-	/*
-	if (parent && parent->type == C_CONTAINER) {
-		return destroy_container(parent);
-	}
-	*/
-	return parent;
-}
-
 struct sway_container *container_set_layout(struct sway_container *container,
 		enum sway_container_layout layout) {
 	if (container->type == C_WORKSPACE) {
diff --git a/sway/tree/layout.c b/sway/tree/layout.c
index 73c4849b..32e6a77c 100644
--- a/sway/tree/layout.c
+++ b/sway/tree/layout.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "sway/tree/container.h"
 #include "sway/tree/layout.h"
 #include "sway/output.h"
+#include "sway/tree/workspace.h"
 #include "sway/tree/view.h"
 #include "sway/input/seat.h"
 #include "sway/ipc-server.h"
@@ -99,40 +100,40 @@ void container_add_child(struct sway_container *parent,
 			parent, parent->type, parent->width, parent->height);
 	list_add(parent->children, child);
 	child->parent = parent;
-	// set focus for this container
-	/* TODO WLR
-	if (parent->type == C_WORKSPACE && child->type == C_VIEW &&
-	(parent->workspace_layout == L_TABBED || parent->workspace_layout ==
-	L_STACKED)) {
-		child = new_container(child, parent->workspace_layout);
+}
+
+struct sway_container *container_reap_empty(struct sway_container *container) {
+	if (!sway_assert(container, "reaping null container")) {
+		return NULL;
 	}
-	*/
+	wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "reaping %p %s", container, container->name);
+	while (container->children->length == 0) {
+		if (container->type == C_WORKSPACE) {
+			if (!workspace_is_visible(container)) {
+				container_workspace_destroy(container);
+			}
+			break;
+		} else if (container->type == C_CONTAINER) {
+			struct sway_container *parent = container->parent;
+			container_destroy(container);
+			container = parent;
+		} else {
+			container = container->parent;
+		}
+	}
+	return container;
 }
 
 struct sway_container *container_remove_child(struct sway_container *child) {
-	int i;
 	struct sway_container *parent = child->parent;
-	for (i = 0; i < parent->children->length; ++i) {
+	for (int i = 0; i < parent->children->length; ++i) {
 		if (parent->children->items[i] == child) {
 			list_del(parent->children, i);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 	child->parent = NULL;
-	return parent;
-}
-
-struct sway_container *container_reap_empty(struct sway_container *container) {
-	if (!sway_assert(container, "reaping null container")) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	while (container->children->length == 0 && container->type == C_CONTAINER) {
-		wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "Container: Destroying container '%p'", container);
-		struct sway_container *parent = container->parent;
-		container_destroy(container);
-		container = parent;
-	}
-	return container;
+	return container_reap_empty(parent);
 }
 
 void container_move_to(struct sway_container* container,
@@ -145,16 +146,9 @@ void container_move_to(struct sway_container* container,
 	container->width = container->height = 0;
 	struct sway_container *new_parent =
 		container_add_sibling(destination, container);
-	if (destination->type == C_WORKSPACE) {
-		// If the workspace only has one child after adding one, it
-		// means that the workspace was just initialized.
-		// TODO: Consider floating views in this test
-		if (destination->children->length == 1) {
-			ipc_event_workspace(NULL, destination, "init");
-		}
+	if (old_parent) {
+		arrange_windows(old_parent, -1, -1);
 	}
-	old_parent = container_reap_empty(old_parent);
-	arrange_windows(old_parent, -1, -1);
 	arrange_windows(new_parent, -1, -1);
 }
 
diff --git a/sway/tree/output.c b/sway/tree/output.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2246cb11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sway/tree/output.c
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include "sway/tree/container.h"
+#include "sway/tree/layout.h"
+#include "sway/output.h"
+#include "log.h"
+
+struct sway_container *container_output_destroy(struct sway_container *output) {
+	if (!sway_assert(output, "cannot destroy null output")) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (output->children->length > 0) {
+		// TODO save workspaces when there are no outputs.
+		// TODO also check if there will ever be no outputs except for exiting
+		// program
+		if (root_container.children->length > 1) {
+			int p = root_container.children->items[0] == output;
+			// Move workspace from this output to another output
+			while (output->children->length) {
+				struct sway_container *child = output->children->items[0];
+				container_remove_child(child);
+				container_add_child(root_container.children->items[p], child);
+			}
+			container_sort_workspaces(root_container.children->items[p]);
+			arrange_windows(root_container.children->items[p],
+				-1, -1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	wl_list_remove(&output->sway_output->frame.link);
+	wl_list_remove(&output->sway_output->destroy.link);
+	wl_list_remove(&output->sway_output->mode.link);
+
+	wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "OUTPUT: Destroying output '%s'", output->name);
+	container_destroy(output);
+	return &root_container;
+}
diff --git a/sway/tree/view.c b/sway/tree/view.c
index d5325c31..480ff693 100644
--- a/sway/tree/view.c
+++ b/sway/tree/view.c
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "sway/tree/container.h"
 #include "sway/tree/layout.h"
 #include "sway/tree/view.h"
+#include "log.h"
 
 const char *view_get_title(struct sway_view *view) {
 	if (view->iface.get_prop) {
@@ -94,3 +95,13 @@ void view_update_outputs(struct sway_view *view, const struct wlr_box *before) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+struct sway_container *container_view_destroy(struct sway_container *view) {
+	if (!view) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "Destroying view '%s'", view->name);
+	struct sway_container *parent = container_destroy(view);
+	arrange_windows(parent, -1, -1);
+	return parent;
+}
diff --git a/sway/tree/workspace.c b/sway/tree/workspace.c
index 5800ea09..c629f1f1 100644
--- a/sway/tree/workspace.c
+++ b/sway/tree/workspace.c
@@ -6,9 +6,10 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <strings.h>
 #include "stringop.h"
-#include "sway/tree/container.h"
 #include "sway/input/input-manager.h"
 #include "sway/input/seat.h"
+#include "sway/ipc-server.h"
+#include "sway/tree/container.h"
 #include "sway/tree/workspace.h"
 #include "log.h"
 #include "util.h"
@@ -202,7 +203,48 @@ struct sway_container *workspace_create(const char *name) {
 		sway_seat_get_focus_inactive(seat, &root_container);
 	parent = focus;
 	parent = container_parent(parent, C_OUTPUT);
-	return container_workspace_create(parent, name);
+	struct sway_container *new_ws = container_workspace_create(parent, name);
+	ipc_event_workspace(NULL, new_ws, "init");
+	return new_ws;
+}
+
+struct sway_container *container_workspace_destroy(
+		struct sway_container *workspace) {
+	if (!sway_assert(workspace, "cannot destroy null workspace")) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	// Do not destroy this if it's the last workspace on this output
+	struct sway_container *output = container_parent(workspace, C_OUTPUT);
+	if (output && output->children->length == 1) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	struct sway_container *parent = workspace->parent;
+	if (workspace->children->length == 0) {
+		// destroy the WS if there are no children (TODO check for floating)
+		wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "destroying workspace '%s'", workspace->name);
+		ipc_event_workspace(workspace, NULL, "empty");
+	} else {
+		// Move children to a different workspace on this output
+		struct sway_container *new_workspace = NULL;
+		// TODO move floating
+		for (int i = 0; i < output->children->length; i++) {
+			if (output->children->items[i] != workspace) {
+				new_workspace = output->children->items[i];
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		wlr_log(L_DEBUG, "moving children to different workspace '%s' -> '%s'",
+			workspace->name, new_workspace->name);
+		for (int i = 0; i < workspace->children->length; i++) {
+			container_move_to(workspace->children->items[i], new_workspace);
+		}
+	}
+
+	container_destroy(workspace);
+	return parent;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -343,3 +385,13 @@ bool workspace_switch(struct sway_container *workspace) {
 	arrange_windows(output, -1, -1);
 	return true;
 }
+
+bool workspace_is_visible(struct sway_container *ws) {
+	struct sway_container *output = container_parent(ws, C_OUTPUT);
+	struct sway_seat *seat = input_manager_current_seat(input_manager);
+	struct sway_container *focus = sway_seat_get_focus_inactive(seat, output);
+	if (focus->type != C_WORKSPACE) {
+		focus = container_parent(focus, C_WORKSPACE);
+	}
+	return focus == ws;
+}